Definition

Sensitivity to hot or cold is discomfort or pain triggered when a tooth is exposed to temperature changes.
While mild sensitivity can be temporary, sudden, sharp, or lingering pain often indicates damage to the tooth structure or early nerve involvement.

Is This a Dental Emergency?

Sometimes — sensitivity to hot or cold may require urgent dental assessment, particularly when the pain is sudden, severe, or lingers after the stimulus is removed.
In these cases, evaluation within a structured emergency dentistry assessment framework helps determine whether the sensitivity reflects a deeper problem that should not be delayed.

Immediate dental emergency (seek care today):

  • Sharp or severe pain triggered by heat
  • Pain that lingers for more than 10 seconds
  • Sensitivity accompanied by swelling or throbbing
  • Sensitivity following trauma or biting something hard

Same-day urgent dental problem:

  • Sudden sensitivity to cold or air
  • Sensitivity worsening day by day
  • Sensitivity combined with pain when biting

Possibly non-urgent (still needs assessment):

  • Mild sensitivity that settles quickly and is not worsening

Lingering heat sensitivity is particularly concerning and often indicates nerve inflammation.

Common Causes of Sensitivity to Hot or Cold

  • Exposed dentine from enamel wear or gum recession
  • Enamel erosion due to acid exposure or aggressive brushing
  • Cracked tooth, allowing temperature changes to reach the nerve
  • Failing fillings or crowns with gaps or leaks
  • Early nerve inflammation (pulpitis), especially when pain lingers

Cold sensitivity often affects the outer layers of the tooth, while heat sensitivity more commonly signals nerve involvement.

What Happens If You Delay Treatment

Temperature sensitivity rarely resolves permanently without treatment and often worsens over time.

Short-term risks:

  • Increasing sensitivity intensity
  • More frequent pain episodes

Medium-term risks:

  • Without treatment, ongoing sensitivity can indicate progression into a cracked tooth, allowing temperature changes to irritate the nerve more easily.
  • Worsening nerve inflammation

Severe outcomes:

  • Severe toothache
  • Dental infection or abscess
  • Root canal treatment or tooth loss
  • In some cases, untreated sensitivity can progress into sharp shooting tooth pain, signalling worsening nerve or structural damage.

How Temperature Sensitivity Is Treated at Deepcar Dental

Treatment focuses on identifying the cause and protecting the tooth before nerve damage occurs.

At Deepcar Dental, temperature sensitivity is assessed by our clinical team led by Dr Ibraheem Ijaz, GDC-registered Principal Dentist with advanced training in restorative and digital dentistry. Same-day assessment is available where clinically appropriate.

1. Assessment and diagnosis

  • Clinical examination
  • Thermal testing
  • Digital X-rays
  • Bite analysis
  • Evaluation of fillings and crowns

2. Emergency stabilisation

  • Protection of exposed dentine
  • Bite adjustment if pressure-related

3. Definitive treatment options

  • Desensitising or fluoride treatments
  • Composite bonding or restoration
  • Crown or onlay
  • If nerve inflammation becomes irreversible, emergency root canal treatment may be required to remove the source of pain and infection.

What You Should Do Right Now

  • Avoid very hot or cold foods and drinks
  • Use a sensitive toothpaste
  • Stick to soft foods
  • Avoid chewing on the affected side
  • Seek same-day assessment if pain is sharp or lingering
  • Use whitening products
  • Brush aggressively
  • Ignore worsening sensitivity

FAQs About Hot or Cold Sensitivity

1. Can sensitivity go away on its own?

Mild sensitivity may ease, but persistent or worsening sensitivity needs dental evaluation.

Localised problems such as cracks, decay, or gum recession usually affect individual teeth.

No. Many cases respond to conservative treatment, but untreated sensitivity often progresses.

Emergency Care for Hot or Cold Sensitivity

Sudden or worsening sensitivity to hot or cold can signal damage to the tooth or nerve. Early assessment helps prevent pain from progressing or becoming irreversible.